英語中的就近原則是什麼意思？

比如說在使用there be句型的時候be動詞是用單數還是複數就是用就近原則

例如：

There are 2 dogs and 1 cat in my house .

There is 1 cat and2 dogs in my house .

在這兩個句子中一個用的是are, 一個是is ,但是表語成分都是複數。

所以這種句型用的就是就近原則，單數靠著there ，there後麵就是用is，複數靠著there 後麵

就用are 。因此be動詞使用什麼是看就近接的什麼。

七年級英語單數句子變複數句子的規則和練習

一,單數句子變複數句子的規則

1, 句子中的單數名詞變成複數複數.

2, 單數代詞變成複數代詞.

I-------------we

you ---------you

he(she,it)---they

my----------your

his(her,its)---their

me-----------us

him(her,it)---them

mine---------ours

his(hers,its)---theirs

this---------these

that---------those

3, be 動詞,is (am)-----are.

4, 不定冠詞a,an 去掉.

5, 介詞短語中的名詞不變.

二,反饋練習.

1, I am a worker.

2, He is a child.

3, She is a girl.

4, Is this a ruler? Yes, it is.

5, Is that a knife? No, it is not.

6, This is my book.

7, That is his sheep.

8, Is that her pencil?

9, His pen is new. Mine is old.

10, Is there a ruler in the box? Yes, there is.

參考答案:

1, We are workers.

2, They are children.

3, They are girls.

4, Are these rulers ? Yes, they are.

5, Are those knives ? No, they are not.

6, These are our books.

7, Those are their sheep.

8, Are those their pencils?

9, Their pens are new. Ours are old.

10, Are there rulers in the box? Yes, there are.

就近原則的句型

名詞或代詞作主語時和謂語之間的單複數的一致問題： 1、 1）主語和謂語基本保持單複數的一致，即：主語是可數名詞單數或不可數名詞時，謂語動詞用單數形式：The computer was a great invention.（計算機是個了不起的發明）The water in the glass is very cold.（玻璃杯力的水很冷） 2）集體名詞（如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等）做句子主語時， ①如果表示整體概念，則謂語用單數形式，如：Class Three is a very good class.（三班是個好班） ②如果表示其中的所有成員時，則謂語用複數形式，如：Class Three have a map of China. （三班有張中國地圖） 3)Chinese,Japanese,fish,sheep,people等表示單個時謂語用單數，表示許多時，謂語用複數。

如：There is a sheep in the yard.（院子裏有隻綿羊）/ There are some sheep in the yard.（院子裏有一些綿羊） 4)maths,news等雖然有s結尾，但不是複數，因此謂語仍用單數：The news is very exciting. （這個消息令人興奮） 5)glasses,shoes,socks,trousers,gloves等名詞往往用複數形式，故謂語用複數。

如：The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.（褲...名詞或代詞作主語時和謂語之間的單複數的一致問題： 1、 1）主語和謂語基本保持單複數的一致，即：主語是可數名詞單數或不可數名詞時，謂語動詞用單數形式：The computer was a great invention.（計算機是個了不起的發明）The water in the glass is very cold.（玻璃杯力的水很冷） 2）集體名詞（如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等）做句子主語時， ①如果表示整體概念，則謂語用單數形式，如：Class Three is a very good class.（三班是個好班） ②如果表示其中的所有成員時，則謂語用複數形式，如：Class Three have a map of China. （三班有張中國地圖） 3)Chinese,Japanese,fish,sheep,people等表示單個時謂語用單數，表示許多時，謂語用複數。

如：The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.（褲子很便宜，我想買） 6)a lot of 後跟名詞複數時謂語用複數形式，跟不可數名詞時謂語用單數形式。

如：A lot of students are playing baseball now.（現在有許多學生在打壘球）A lot of time was wasted on that work.（大量的時間花在了那個工作上）（被動句） 7)and 連接兩個名詞做主語時，謂語原則上用複數，但是兩個名詞若構成一個整體事物時，謂語則用單數。

如：The teacher and his son are picking apples now.（老師和他的兒子在摘蘋果） Fish and chips is very famous food. （魚和薯條是一種出名的食品）8) there be 句型中be的單複數一般由靠近的名詞決定。

如：There is a table and four chairs in the room.（房間裏有一張桌子和四張椅子） 9）用both…and…連接兩個事物做主語時，謂語一般用複數。

如：Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.（你和我明天要求都來） 10）主語中含有with的短語時，謂語單複數由with之前的人物決定。

如：A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. （一名婦女帶著一個七歲的孩子（當時）就站在路邊） 11)either…or…或者 neither…nor…連接兩個人物做句子主語時，謂語采用就近原則。

如：Either you or he is right.（要麼是你對，要麼是他對。

/你和他有一個人是對的） / Neither you nor I am going there.（你和我都不打算去那裏） 12）表示一段時間或長度概念的複數名詞做主語時，謂語一般用單數。

如：Two months is not a short time.（兩個月不是個短時間）Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance（距離）.（兩千千米是相當長的一段距離） 13）主語中含有half of… / （three quarters）of… / all (of) the ….等詞語時，謂語的單複數由名詞確定，如：Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.（因特網上四分之三以上的信息是用英語寫的） / A third of the students were playing near the lake.（學生的三分之一（當時）正在湖邊玩耍） / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.（這些河流中的水已經被汙染了）（被動句）但是，population一詞又有特殊情況： What's the population of China？（中國人口是多少？）（句子用單數） / Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs（阿拉伯人）.（這個城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人）（句子用複數）就近一致原則是指謂語動詞的數要與它緊鄰的名詞或代詞的數保持一致。

1. “more than one + 單數名詞” 雖有複數意義，但習慣上用單數動詞. More than one person is involved in this. 2. 用於正式文體的“many a + 單數名詞” 也用單數動詞. Many a famous pop singer has been ruined by drugs. 3.由or,either...or,neither...nor,not only...but also...,not...but...等連接的並列主語，謂語動詞...

問兩個英語小問題,關於謂語形式就近原則~...

主謂一致是指： 1）語法形式上要一致，即單複數形式與謂語要一致。

2）意義上要一致，即主語意義上的單複數要與謂語的單複數形式一致。

3）就近原則，即謂語動詞的單複形式取決於最靠近它的詞語，一般來說，不可數名詞用動詞單數，可數名詞複數用動詞複數。

There is much water in the thermos. There is not a pen, a knife and several books on the desk 但當不可數名詞前有表示數量的複數名詞時，謂語動詞用複數形式。

e.g. Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. Large quantities of water are needed. In western countries, mountains of rubbish are thrown away each day. 1 並列結構作主語時謂語用複數 Reading and writing are very important. 注意：當主語由and連結時，如果它表示一個單一的概念，即指同一人或同一物時，謂語動詞用單數，and 此時連接的兩個詞前隻有一個冠詞。

The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 2 主謂一致中的就近原則 1）當there be 句型的主語是一係列事物時，謂語應與最鄰近的主語保持一致。

There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 2）當either… or… 與neither… nor，連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞與最鄰近的主語保持一致。

如果句子是由here, there引導，而主語又不止一個時，謂語通常也和最鄰近的主語一致。

Either you or she is to go. Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. 3 謂語動詞與前麵的主語一致當主語後麵跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等詞引起的短語時，謂語動詞與前麵的主語一致。

The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating.

【關於英文倒裝句請問在英文倒裝句中,遵循就近原則的時候,單、...

【就近原則】也稱“鄰近原則”“就近一致原則”（Proximity），即：謂語與靠近的名詞、代詞（有時不一定是主語）在“人稱、數”上一致.I.在正式文體中：1.由下列詞語連接的並列主語：＂there be+句型； or ; either …or;nor; neither…nor;whether…or;not…but; not only…but also＂；等.e.g.①What he does or what he says does not concern me .他的行為或言談都與我無關.②Neither you nor I am wrong .你和我都沒錯.③Not you but your father is to blame .不是你，而是你父親該受責備.④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不僅你錯了，他也錯了.2.在倒裝句中：謂語可與後麵第一個主語一致.e.g.①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people .在遠處，能聽見鼓掌聲和人們的呼喊聲.②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支鋼筆和幾本書.II.非正式文體中：有時依“就近一致原則”，但也可依“意義一致原則”或嚴格地依“語法一致原則”.e.g.Neither she nor I were there （意義一致）我和他當時都不在那兒.（非正式） Neither she nor I was there .（就近一致）（譯文同上句）（正式）但是，如果依“就近一致原則”而與其他兩項原則相矛盾時，則常常認為是不太合符規範的.e.g.No one except his own supporters agree with him .僅他自己的支持者同意他的意見.（依“就近”和“意義”一致的原則；但語法上，“No one ”才是主語，謂語要改成“agrees”.“寫作中”一般要依“語法一致”原則.

就近原則的英語意思是什麼？

用There is an apple and some pens on the desk. There be 結構講就近原則. 還有not only.. but also...等也講就近原則例如Not only you but also I am a student. 遇到的時候注意總結.這個沒有特定規律.就近原則，指謂語動詞的單、複數形式取決於最靠近它的詞語.由neither...nor或either...or連接或者當一個句子是由 there 或here引起，而主語又不止一個時，謂語通常和最靠近它的主語一致

英語中關於就近原則的句型有哪些

所謂就近/就遠原則是指句子的主語結構很複雜時，如何判斷句子謂語的數的問題.1.就近原則：there/here+be/係動詞，either...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but(also)...,not...but...，分數/百分數修飾名詞（population類外），表許多的名詞（除了quantity）2.就遠原則：as well as,(together/along) with,rather than,except/besides/but/including如：Not only you but also I am right.2/3 of the earth is covered by water.Many a student in our school has never been abroad.He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.

英語中就遠原則和就近原則

就遠原則①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行為或言談都與我無關。

②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都沒錯。

③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父親該受責備。

④Not only you hut(also) he is wrong .不僅你錯了，他也錯了。

就近原則，就是謂語動詞的形式要和最近的主語一致沒有就遠原則，其實你的意思也就是謂語動詞的變化吧如果是I and he are going to the park謂語is要變成are，因為主語是我和他如果是I with him 就要用am了，主語是I還原句子：I am going to the park with himunderstand？祝你學習進步！就近原則：也稱“鄰近原則”“就近一致原則”（Proximity），即：謂語與靠近的名詞、代詞（有時不一定是主語）在“人稱、數”上一致。

I.在正式文體中： 1.由下列詞語連接的並列主語：＂there be+句型； or ; either …or;nor; neither…nor;whether…or;not…but; not only…but also＂；等。

e.g. ①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行為或言談都與我無關。

②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都沒錯。

③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父親該受責備。

④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不僅你錯了，他也錯了。

2. 在倒裝句中：謂語可與後麵第一個主語一致。

e.g. ①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在遠處，能聽見鼓掌聲和人們的呼喊聲。

②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支鋼筆和幾本書。

II. 非正式文體中：有時依“就近一致原則”，但也可依“意義一致原則”或嚴格地依“語法一致原則”。

e.g. Neither she nor I were there （意義一致）我和他當時都不在那兒。

（非正式） Neither she nor I was there .（就近一致）（譯文同上句）（正式）但是，如果依“就近一致原則”而與其他兩項原則相矛盾時，則常常認為是不太合符規範的。

e.g. No one except his own supporters agree with him .僅他自己的支持者同意他的意見。

（依“就近”和“意義”一致的原則；但語法上，“No one ”才是主語，謂語要改成“agrees”。

“寫作中”一般要依“語法一致”原則。

就遠原則謂語動詞與前麵主語一致代表詞彙：as well as;(together/along)with;rather than;except;besides;but;including;in addition to;apart frome.g:He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.

Therebe句型用單數還是複數采用就近原則,那還有沒有一種句子用就...

either…or… 或.或.不是.就是.表示兩者之一，連接句子中兩個並列的成分.例如：例如：Either you or he has lunch at school.其一般疑問句應為：Do either you or he have lunch at school？是你還是他在學校吃午飯？若要對either...or...句型進行否定時，隻需把either...or...換成neither...nor...即可.例如：Either you or she is good at drawing.變為否定句應為：Neither you nor she is good at drawing.你和她都不擅長繪畫.我們還可以單獨使用either，其意為＂兩者中的任何一個＂.例如：There are many shops on either side of the street.街道兩邊有許多商店.這個句子也可以這樣表達：There are many shops on both sides of the street.在街道兩邊有許多商店.either用在否定句的句末，表示＂也＂的意思.例如：If you don\'t go there.I won\'t,either.如果你不去那裏，我也不去.When the girl is happy,she either sings or dances.那個女孩高興時，不是唱就是跳.（此句中either...or...連接兩個動詞，因為主語是單數第三人稱，謂語動詞要用其相應的形式.） either...or...連接兩個主語時，其謂語動詞應與最近的一個主語在人稱和數上保持一致，這就是我們通常說的＂就近原則＂.Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要麼你去那裏，要麼我去那裏.注意：如果把上句變成一般疑問句，助動詞形式與主語you保持一致，所以要用are提問，而不是am.例如：Are either you or I going there tomorrow？明天是你還是我去那裏？

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